Isotretinoïne 20mg 30 Capsules

What is Isotretinoïne 20 mg?

Isotretinoïne 20 mg is an oral retinoid indicated for the treatment of severe forms of acne, particularly nodular or cystic types that have not responded to standard therapies such as systemic antibiotics or topical agents. A derivative of vitamin A, this medication is reserved for cases where other treatments have proven ineffective due to its potent effects and significant safety considerations. It is a prescription-only medicine and must be taken under strict medical supervision, especially due to its teratogenic risk profile.

Therapeutic Uses

This systemic retinoid is primarily used in managing resistant, severe acne vulgaris, including conglobata and acne with the risk of permanent scarring. It is also considered in cases of relapsing acne or when other therapies have failed to achieve remission. In dermatological practice, it is known to significantly reduce sebaceous gland activity and is often recommended for patients with chronic, painful, or disfiguring lesions. Some off-label indications include rosacea variants and specific keratinization disorders, although these require specialist oversight.

Mechanism of Action

Isotretinoïne exerts its pharmacological effect by regulating gene expression through retinoic acid receptors. It reduces the size and output of sebaceous glands, thereby lowering skin surface sebum levels. This process inhibits the proliferation of Cutibacterium acnes, an acne-associated bacterium, and helps normalize follicular keratinization. Additionally, it exerts anti-inflammatory properties that contribute to lesion resolution and prevent the formation of new comedones.

Safety & Dependency Risks

Although it is not habit-forming, the use of isotretinoin demands strict adherence to safety protocols due to its teratogenicity and systemic effects. Females of reproductive age must follow pregnancy prevention measures, including the use of reliable contraception during and after treatment. Baseline liver function, lipid profiles, and mental health assessments are essential prior to initiation. This drug must not be used without a prescription and careful monitoring by a healthcare professional.

Side Effects

Commonly reported adverse reactions include dry skin, cheilitis, epistaxis, and temporary worsening of acne during the initial phase of treatment. Other effects may include fatigue, myalgia, hyperlipidemia, and elevated liver enzymes. Neuropsychiatric symptoms such as mood changes or depression have been documented in rare cases. Regular follow-ups are recommended to manage and monitor these potential outcomes.

Storage Instructions

Store the capsules at a temperature below 25°C in a dry, cool environment, away from direct sunlight. Keep the medication in its original packaging to prevent degradation. Ensure the product is stored out of reach of children and is not consumed past its expiry date.

Summary:

Isotretinoïne 20 mg is a systemic retinoid prescribed for severe, treatment-resistant acne. It acts on sebaceous gland activity and keratinization while requiring strict medical monitoring due to its potential side effects and contraindications, particularly in pregnancy.